Sources and translators
The texts, translations and public-domain art in Zeno the Stoic.
The texts
Marcus Aurelius, Meditations Translated by George Long (1862). Public domain. Digital edition: Standard Ebooks, released under CC0.
Epictetus, Discourses, Enchiridion and Fragments Translated by W. A. Oldfather (Loeb Classical Library: Discourses, 1925; Enchiridion and Fragments, 1928). Public domain.
Seneca, Dialogues and On Benefits (On Providence, On the Firmness of the Wise, On Anger, the Consolations to Marcia, Helvia and Polybius, On the Happy Life, On Leisure, On Tranquility of Mind, On the Shortness of Life, On Clemency, On Benefits) Translated by Aubrey Stewart (1887–1900). Public domain. Digital edition: Standard Ebooks, released under CC0.
Diogenes Laërtius, Lives of the Eminent Philosophers, Book VII (Zeno of Citium) Translated by R. D. Hicks (1925). Public domain. Digital edition: Wikisource.
Zeno of Citium, Fragments Translated from the Greek and Latin for Zeno the Stoic. Numbered as in A. C. Pearson, The Fragments of Zeno and Cleanthes (1891), whose Greek and Latin texts we translated (public domain; digital copy: Internet Archive).
Cleanthes, Hymn to Zeus Translated from the Greek for Zeno the Stoic. Greek text: Stobaeus, Eclogae 1.1.12, as printed by A. C. Pearson (1891).
Musonius Rufus, Lectures and Fragments Translated from the Greek for Zeno the Stoic (fragments 49–52 from the Latin of Aulus Gellius). Greek text: O. Hense, C. Musonii Rufi reliquiae (Teubner, 1905), public domain; digital text: Open Greek and Latin (First1KGreek), CC BY-SA 4.0.
"In plain words" rewordings are written for Zeno the Stoic. They are modern paraphrases, always shown next to the original wording and never presented as quotes.
Images
Classical artworks used as backgrounds are public domain and released by their museums under CC0 (Creative Commons Zero). Credit is not required by the licence, but we give it gladly.
Cleveland Museum of Art
- Claude Monet (French, 1840–1926), Water Lilies (Agapanthus), c. 1915–26. John L. Severance Fund and an anonymous gift. https://clevelandart.org/art/1960.81
- Fitz Henry Lane (American, 1804–1865), Harbor of Boston, with the City in the Distance, c. 1846–47. Leonard C. Hanna Jr. Fund and partial gift of Travers Newton, Joanna Newton Riccardi and Georgia Newton Pulos. https://clevelandart.org/art/2004.35
- Frédéric Boissonnas (Swiss, 1858–1944), The Parthenon, c. 1907–20. Gift of Michael Mattis and Judith Hochberg. https://clevelandart.org/art/2021.56
- Jean Baptiste Camille Corot (French, 1796–1875), Pond at Ville-d'Avray, late 1860s. Elisabeth Severance Prentiss Collection. https://clevelandart.org/art/1944.80
- John Robert Cozens (British, 1752–1797), Italian Landscape, c. 1790–92. Leonard C. Hanna Jr. Fund. https://clevelandart.org/art/1997.137
- Joseph Mallord William Turner (British, 1775–1851), Flüelen, from the Lake of Lucerne, 1845. Mr. and Mrs. William H. Marlatt Fund. https://clevelandart.org/art/1954.129
- Robert S. Duncanson (American, 1821–1872), View of Lake Pepin, Minnesota, 1862. Gift of William Macbeth. https://clevelandart.org/art/1947.198
- Sanford Robinson Gifford (American, 1823–1880), Haverstraw Bay, 1868. Bequest of Dr. Paul J. Vignos Jr. https://clevelandart.org/art/2011.43
- Vilhelm Hammershøi (Danish, 1864–1916), Strandgade, Sunshine, c. 1906. Nancy F. and Joseph P. Keithley Collection Gift. https://clevelandart.org/art/2023.38
The Metropolitan Museum of Art
- Gustave Courbet, The Calm Sea, 1869. H. O. Havemeyer Collection, Bequest of Mrs. H. O. Havemeyer, 1929. https://www.metmuseum.org/art/collection/search/436005
- John Frederick Kensett, The Sea, 1872. Gift of Thomas Kensett, 1874. https://www.metmuseum.org/art/collection/search/11321
- John Frederick Kensett, Lake George, New York, 1872. Gift of Thomas Kensett, 1874. https://www.metmuseum.org/art/collection/search/11315
Fonts
Fraunces, DM Sans, EB Garamond and Cormorant Garamond, used under the SIL Open Font License 1.1.
Zeno
The Zeno mascot is an original illustration for this app, inspired by the ancient marble bust of Zeno of Citium in the National Archaeological Museum of Naples.